What is the distinction between postaxial and preaxial polydactyly?

The distinction between postaxial and preaxial polydactyly is primarily based on the location of the extra digits in relation to the anatomical axes of the limbs. In this context, preaxial polydactyly refers to additional digits that are positioned on the medial side of the foot, which is the side closest to the midline of the body. Conversely, postaxial polydactyly is characterized by extra digits located on the lateral side of the foot, which is the side furthest from the midline.

Understanding this distinction is important for diagnosis and treatment. Preaxial polydactyly often involves duplication of the big toe on the medial aspect, while postaxial polydactyly may present as extra toes on the lateral side, beyond the little toe. This classification is clinically significant as it helps in planning surgical interventions and managing potential complications associated with each type.

Thus, identifying the correct locations of additional digits based on their axial orientation—medial for preaxial and lateral for postaxial—is fundamental in podiatric medicine. The choice that highlights this anatomical distinction accurately reflects the nature of how these variations in digit number manifest on the foot.